A bursted blood vessel in the eye, also known as a subconjunctival hemorrhage, is a common and usually harmless condition that occurs when a small blood vessel breaks beneath the clear surface of the eye. This condition can cause a range of symptoms, from a sudden appearance of a red or pink patch in the white part of the eye to mild discomfort or a feeling of irritation. While it may look alarming, a bursted blood vessel in the eye is often a self-limiting condition that resolves on its own without the need for medical intervention. However, understanding the causes and knowing how to treat it can help alleviate concerns and promote healing.
Causes of a Bursted Blood Vessel in the Eye
A bursted blood vessel in the eye can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Straining or heavy lifting: Activities that increase pressure in the blood vessels, such as heavy lifting, bending, or straining during bowel movements, can cause a small blood vessel in the eye to break.
- Vascular diseases: Conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and atherosclerosis can weaken blood vessels and make them more susceptible to rupture.
- Coughing or sneezing: A severe cough or sneeze can increase pressure in the blood vessels and cause a small vessel in the eye to burst.
- Eye rubbing or trauma: Direct trauma to the eye or vigorous rubbing can cause a blood vessel to break.
- Medications: Certain medications, such as blood thinners, can increase the risk of bleeding and cause a bursted blood vessel in the eye.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
The symptoms of a bursted blood vessel in the eye can vary, but common signs include:
A sudden appearance of a red or pink patch in the white part of the eye
Mild discomfort or a feeling of irritation in the eye
Increased sensitivity to light
Blurred vision (rarely)
A diagnosis is usually made based on a physical examination of the eye. In some cases, additional tests may be ordered to rule out underlying conditions that may have contributed to the bursted blood vessel.
| Cause | Frequency |
|---|---|
| Straining or heavy lifting | 40-50% |
| Vascular diseases | 20-30% |
| Coughing or sneezing | 10-20% |
| Eye rubbing or trauma | 5-10% |
| Medications | 5-10% |
Key Points
- A bursted blood vessel in the eye is usually a self-limiting condition that resolves on its own.
- Causes include straining, vascular diseases, coughing or sneezing, eye rubbing or trauma, and certain medications.
- Symptoms include a sudden appearance of a red or pink patch in the eye, mild discomfort, and increased sensitivity to light.
- Treatment involves applying a cold compress, using artificial tears, and avoiding rubbing or touching the eye.
- In rare cases, a bursted blood vessel in the eye can be a sign of an underlying condition, such as a bleeding disorder or vascular disease.
Treatment and Prevention
Treatment for a bursted blood vessel in the eye usually involves:
Applying a cold compress to the eye to reduce swelling and promote healing
Using artificial tears to lubricate the eye and reduce discomfort
Avoiding rubbing or touching the eye to prevent further irritation
Elevating the head to reduce swelling
Prevention involves:
Managing underlying conditions, such as high blood pressure and diabetes
Avoiding heavy lifting or straining
Using protective eyewear to prevent eye trauma
Following a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise
Complications and When to Seek Medical Attention
While a bursted blood vessel in the eye is usually a harmless condition, there are potential complications to be aware of:
Recurring bleeding: If the bleeding recurs or does not resolve on its own, medical attention is necessary.
Infection: If the eye becomes infected, symptoms such as increased redness, swelling, or discharge may occur.
Vision problems: If vision is affected or worsens, medical attention is necessary.
Seek medical attention immediately if you experience:
Severe eye pain
Sudden vision changes
Increased sensitivity to light
Discharge or pus from the eye
What causes a bursted blood vessel in the eye?
+A bursted blood vessel in the eye can be caused by a variety of factors, including straining, vascular diseases, coughing or sneezing, eye rubbing or trauma, and certain medications.
Is a bursted blood vessel in the eye serious?
+A bursted blood vessel in the eye is usually a self-limiting condition that resolves on its own. However, in rare cases, it can be a sign of an underlying condition, such as a bleeding disorder or vascular disease.
How long does it take for a bursted blood vessel in the eye to heal?
+The healing time for a bursted blood vessel in the eye can vary, but it usually resolves on its own within 1-2 weeks.